MSD Manual

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Content last modified Dec 2023

The Manuals license some types of additional multimedia resources from trusted third parties. Our editorial team evaluates each resource for medical accuracy before including it with the Manuals content and reviews the content at regular intervals to ensure they remain correct, current, relevant, and available for use. In some cases the third party resources are served directly from the third party websites, and the Manuals cannot guarantee their accuracy or availability if there are interim changes or technical issues.


Third party resources include:


  • 3D4Medical
  • A KYU Design
  • Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN)
  • BioDigital
  • Blausen
  • CTisus
  • Elsevier
  • Foundation Internet Services (Med Calc 3000)
  • Global Health Media
  • Health Day News Service
  • Osmosis from Elsevier
  • RSi Communications
  • Science Photo Library (SPL)
  • Springer Healthcare